Effect of dietary replacement of fish meal by soybean protein concentrate on growth performance and phosphorus discharging of juvenile black sea bream,Acanthopagrus schlegelii

The 8‐week experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal (FM) with soybean protein concentrate (SPC) on juvenile black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii (10.70 ± 0.04 g). Diets were formulated to replace FM protein by SPC at 0, 8, 16, 24, 32 or 40% (designated as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively). Diets except T1 were supplemented with phytase at 2000 phytase activity U kg^?1. The results showed that survival rate, growth performance and feed utilization were not significantly affected by increasing dietary SPC. Fish fed diet T3 had higher feed intake compared to those fed T1, T2 and T5 diets. Whole body compositions of black sea bream were significantly influenced by SPC replacing FM except for protein, ash and phosphorus content. Condition factor of fish was significantly lower in T2 than that of fish in T3 group. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter was higher in fish fed T6 diet than those of fish fed T1 and T2 diets, ADCs of phosphorus increased with dietary SPC level up to T3 and then decreased. The results obtained in this study indicate that FM protein could be effectively replaced by SPC protein with phytase in diet of black sea bream.     

Comparative stomach contents and growth of the juvenile black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, reared in illuminated and unilluminated cages

The present study was designed to determine the positive effects of artificial illumination on the juvenile black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli , by comparing stomach contents and growth between juveniles exposed to light and those maintained in the absence of light. The major prey items for juvenile black seabream reared in illuminated cages were amphipods (IRI%=50.5), copepods (IRI%=44.7) and polychaetes (IRI%=3.0), whereas those for the juveniles maintained in unilluminated cages were copepods (IRI%=96.0), amphipods (IRI%=3.4) and polychaetes (IRI%=0.6). The specific growth rates (SGR) of the juveniles reared in illuminated cages (0.99%) were significantly higher than those of the juveniles maintained in unilluminated cages (0.78%).     

地衣芽孢杆菌De株对黄鳍鲷生长及其养殖池塘主要环境因子的影响

运用综合对比分析法,对黄鳍鲷（Sparuslatus）养殖中定期泼洒地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus lichenformis）De的应用效果进行了探讨。结果表明,施用地衣芽孢杆菌De可在一定程度上优化水体环境和养殖生产性能,使养殖黄鳍鲷的成活率、体长增长率和体质量增长率分别提高18．2％、21．0％和312％;显著降低水中氨氮（NH3-N）、亚硝酸盐（NO2^-N）、活性磷酸盐（PO;一一P）质量浓度及底泥中有机碳的质量分数（P〈0．05）,其中养殖前、后期的底泥有机碳质量分数分别较对照组降低49．77％和22．63％,NO2^-N、PO4^3-P质量浓度则总体较对照组降低25．82％和41．00％,NH3-N质量浓度在养殖前、中和后期较对照组降低36．33％、18．10％和14．28％;水体中弧菌数量在养殖后期较对照组降低61．76％,底泥中的总异养细菌数量在养殖中、后期较对照组提高38．61％,整个养殖期间水体及底泥中的芽孢杆菌数量分别较对照组提高15．34％和26．37％。     

黄鳍鲷基因组微卫星的分离

采用磁珠富集法构建黄鳍鲷(Acanthopagrus latus Houttuyn)基因组微卫星富集文库。共挑选60个克隆进行测序,分析发现58个克隆分别含(GA)n或(CA)n两碱基重复单元。进一步通过序列比对,最终获得41个具有特异微卫星序列的阳性克隆。其中,23个克隆含有(GA)n或(CT)n两碱基重复序列,17个克隆含有(GT)n或(CA)n重复序列,另1个含有以上两种重复类型。获得的微卫星序列中,单一型及间断型序列各有20条,另有1条属于复合型序列。序列长度为117~512 bp,平均259 bp。微卫星核心序列两碱基重复5到38次,绝大多数序列重复次数大于10。基于微卫星两端的侧翼序列设计并获得了3对能够在黄鳍鲷基因组有效扩增的微卫星引物。本研究旨为进一步开展黄鳍鲷分子育种及资源评价分析提供基础资料。     

杂交鲷与黑鲷投喂频率的比较研究

比较了黑鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)♀×真鲷(Pagrus major)♂杂交子二代(杂交鲷或杂交F2)与黑鲷幼鱼在不同投喂频率下生长性能、生理生化指标的差异表现,为新品种选育提供基础依据.选用杂交F2及黑鲷幼鱼为研究对象,设4个投喂频率组(1T:1次·d?1、2T:2次·d?1、3T:3次·...     

茄子叶片组织结构与对侧多食跗线螨抗性的关系

研究了27个茄子品种叶片组织结构对侧多食跗线螨Polyphagotarsonemus latus(Banks）的田间种群密度、叶片为害指数和种群增长倍数（实验室）3个指标的影响。结果表明，不同茄子品种的叶片上表皮、栅栏组织、海绵组织和下表皮层厚度均存在一定的差异。由于该螨主要集中在叶片背面取食，其口器不发达，口针长32．5％－43．4μm，口针能通过下表皮层进入海绵组织，但不能进入栅栏组织。在叶片下表皮层厚的品种上，螨的种群密度和叶片为害指数均显著低，其下表皮和栅栏组织层越厚，抗性越强。其上表皮层厚的品种，种群增长倍数高，抗性低。     

侧多食跗线螨实验种群生命表的研究

侧多食跗线螨是我国蔬菜重要害螨之一。通过对该螨在取食茄子条件下实验种群生命表的研究,结果表明：该螨的内禀增长率（ｒ_ｍ）、周限增长率（λ）、净增殖率（Ｒ_ｏ）、种群世代平均周期（Ｔ）和种群加倍时间（ｔ）分别为０.２５８４、１.２９４８、１９.３９５３、１１.４７２８和２.６８２３。     

Stock enhancement programme for black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker), in Hiroshima Bay, Japan: a review

This paper reviews the stock enhancement programme for black sea bream ( Acanthopagrus schlegelii ) in Hiroshima Bay. This bay is one of the biggest production areas for black sea bream in Japan, accounting for about 10% of the total catch of the species in this country in 2004. After intensive fishing pressure caused a drastic decline in the catch of the species in this bay in the 1970s, a stock enhancement programme was conducted in its northern part since 1982 to restore the depleted population. The number of black sea bream juveniles released in 1996 surpassed 9 million, representing the third main species stocked in Japan. Almost 1.4 million of these juveniles were released into Hiroshima Bay. The fast acclimatization of hatchery-reared juveniles released into the bay may have contributed to the recovery of landings in the late 1980s and 1990s. However, this recovery was accompanied by a reduction in the market price of black sea bream. Further studies to assess the effectiveness of the stock enhancement programme as well as the carrying capacity of Hiroshima Bay to maintain the stock of black sea bream at a stable, healthy level are desirable. The necessity of evaluating the secondary effects derived from using a reduced number of breeders as well as finding new markets are suggested.     

茄子品种(系)对侧多食跗线螨抗性聚类分析

 用田间种群密度、叶片为害指数和种群增长倍数 (实验室 ) 3个抗性指标作为评定标准 ,对 2 7个茄子品种抗侧多食跗线螨 Polyphagotarsonemus L atus( Banks)进行了系统聚类分析。结果表明 ,不同茄子品种对侧多食跗线螨抗性存在明显差异。相比较之下 ,丰研一号、种都万吨早茄、种都特别培育、成都墨茄、渝早茄 2号、湘研 2号和油罐茄7个品种为较强抗性品种 ;西安绿茄、种都皇太子、8819和湘研早茄 4个品种均为较易感品种 ;其余品种介于二者之间。同时表明 ,3个抗性指标之间相关性达极显著水平 ,因而 ,调查茄子品种抗该螨时选择 3个指标中的一个指标 ,既简便 ,又合理